Why the dog was ever considered as an appropriate animal for carcinogenicity testing is also not entirely clear... Despite the obvious problems of study design and interpretation, carcinogenicity tests in the dog, lasting 7 years, were requested by regulatory authorities from the late 1960s...One of the best known examples of the inappropriate use of the dog was the carcinogenicity testing of hormonal contraceptives. It is now understood that mammogenesis in the dog is very different from that in primates; quantitative and qualitative differences exist in the feedback control mechanisms, receptor content and behaviour, and target sensitivity and responsivity. As a result of this biological difference there was a high incidence of mammary tumours in long-term studies in dogs treated with progestagens/contraceptive steroids such as lynestrol. Ultimately pressure from the scientific community led, relatively recently, to the requirement for carcinogenicity studies in dogs being dropped.
|
Time spent on any item of the agenda will be in inverse proportion to the sum involved.
|
A photographer without a magazine behind him is like a farmer without fields.
|
Delay is the deadliest form of denial.
|
Work expands to fill the time available for its completion.
|
Expansion means complexity and complexity decay.
|
Work expands so as to fill the time available for it’s completion.
|
Expenditure rises to meet income.
|
The chief product of an automated society is a widespread and deepening sense of boredom.
|
A committee is organic rather than mechanical in its nature: it is not a structure but a plant. It takes root and grows, it flowers, wilts, and dies, scattering the seed from which other committees will bloom in their turn.
|
The man who is denied the opportunity of taking decisions of importance begins to regard as important the decisions he is allowed to take.
|
Anybody who's been married to a man for forty odd years knows he's all talk.
|
Expenditures rise to meet income.
|
In politics people give you what they think you deserve and deny you what they think you want.
|
It is better to be a has-been than a never-was.
|