Akhenaten is among the most despised and contentious pharaohs in Egyptian history. Between 1353 and 1336 BCE, he ruled the 18th Dynasty.
Originally called Amenhotep IV, Akhenaten revolutionised Egypt's religious scene by renouncing the conventional pantheon of gods and introducing Aten, the solar disc, one god. This development contradicted many centuries of religious and cultural past; therefore, priests and average people felt like outsiders. With passion, he promoted his ideas and shifted the capital to Akhetaten, now Amarna. Although Akhenaten brought about major alterations in art and architecture, his reign was defined by economic instability, internal strife, and a lack of focus on international issues or foreign policy goals. Most notably, Tutankhamun, his heirs resurrected the ancient gods after his death and destroyed most of his work, identifying him as a heretic.
His rule alerts people to the vulnerability of the empire, unreasonable ambition, and spiritual absolutism.